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strain

英 /streɪn/美 /streɪn/
  • n.
    焦虑，紧张；负担，紧张；张力，压力；损伤，扭伤；品种，类型；气质，个性特点；旋律，曲调；口吻，语气；（物理）应变，胁变；血缘；困难，负担
  • v.
    拉伤，扭伤；绷紧，用力拉；竭力，使劲；过滤；使不堪忍受，使紧张；用力推（或拉），拉紧
  • 人名 （Strain）（英）斯特兰（人名）
复数strains
第三人称单数strains
现在分词straining
过去式strained
过去分词strained
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词语例句

  1. 焦虑，紧张n.

    四级

    • Things are terrible at work and people are cracking under the strain.

      工作情况很糟糕，人们因过度紧张越来越吃不消了。

    • She finds it a strain to meet new people.

      她和生人见面总感到局促不安。

    • We also know that a long time without change or challenge can lead to boredom, and physical and mental strain.

      我们也知道，长时间没有变化或挑战会导致无聊以及身体和心理上的疲惫。

  2. 负担，紧张n.

    四级六级

    • These repayments are putting a strain on our finances.

      偿还这些债务对我们的财务状况形成了压力。

    • Their marriage is under great strain at the moment.

      眼下他们的婚姻关系非常紧张。

    • Regular check-ups for men would inevitably place strain on the public purse, Cartmill says.

      卡特米尔说，对男性进行定期检查将不可避免地给公共财政带来压力。

  3. 张力，压力n.

    • The ground here cannot take the strain of a large building.

      这块地承受不住大型建筑的压力。

    • The cable has a 140kg breaking strain (= it will break when it is stretched or pulled by a force greater than this).

      这种缆索的断裂应变力为140公斤。

  4. 损伤，扭伤n.

    • Avoid muscle strain by warming up with slow jogging.

      通过慢跑热身避免肌肉损伤。

    • The player is still out of action with an ankle strain.

      这名运动员由于脚踝受伤仍无法参加比赛。

  1. The rope broke under the strain.
    绳子给拉断了。
    来自《牛津词典》
  2. The wall collapsed under the strain.
    墙壁因承受不了重压而坍塌了。
    来自《牛津词典》
  3. I had to strain to hear.
    我不得不努力地听。
    来自《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》

相关短语

  • Strain gauge
    应变片；应变计；应变仪；应变规
  • The Andromeda Strain
    人间大浩劫；天外来菌；仙女座菌株；天外病菌
  • strain theory
    紧张理论；应变理论；张力学说；压力理论
  • The Strain
    血族；第二季；嗜血菌株；劳累
  • tensile strain
    拉张应变；张应变；拉伸变形

词语扩展

n.
tensionburdenweight
张力；[力]拉紧；负担；[外科]扭伤；血缘
vi.
tautentake pains
[力]拉紧；尽力
vt.
abusetighten up
[力]拉紧；滥用；滤去；竭力
adj.
strained紧张的；勉强的；牵强附会的；滤过的
n.
strainer过滤器；松紧扣；用力拉的人，拉紧者
v.
strained使紧张（动词strain的过去式和过去分词）
  • pressure/strain/stress/tension
    • pressure在科学上，指单位面积上所受到的压力。用于引申时，指某事物所产生的压力或影响力等。
    • strain指某人为克服外力界压力而造成的身心和情绪等方面的压抑。用于物时，指任何力或合力作用于一个物体上面造成的应变。
    • stress侧重指承受外来的压力，也指由于某种原因而引起的心理、生理或情绪上的紧张。
    • tension多指因关系不好或其它原因而出现的紧张状态，也指某物被过度伸展的程度或状态。

词义分布

应变
74.9%
紧张
9%
滤
4%
劳损
2.4%
张力
2.4%
疲劳
2.3%
拉伤
1.5%
品种
1.3%
负担
1.2%
品系
0.9%

英英释义

  • n.(physics) deformation of a physical body under the action of applied forces
  • n.difficulty that causes worry or emotional tension
  • n.a succession of notes forming a distinctive sequence
  • n.(psychology) nervousness resulting from mental stress
  • n.a special variety of domesticated animals within a species
  • n.(biology) a group of organisms within a species that differ in trivial ways from similar groups
  1. n.
    the state of having to do more than you are able to do
    过劳；过度紧张
    • She couldn't cope with the stresses and strains of her career.
      她应付不了事业的压力。
  2. n.
    an injury to a muscle in your body, caused by using it too much
    （肌肉的）劳损
    • Avoid muscle strain by taking rests.
      注意休息，避免肌肉劳损。
  3. v.
    to injure a muscle by using it too much
    使（肌肉）劳损；拉伤
    • He strained his back playing tennis.
      他打网球拉伤了背肌。
  4. v.
    to make a great effort to do something
    费力；竭力
    • The music was so loud that I had to strain to hear what she was saying.
      音乐太聒噪，我得费很大力气听她说话。

词源

  • strain拉紧，绷紧；使紧张，尽力使用；拉伤，扭伤
    -strain-束缚 → strain拉紧
  • strain拉紧，拽紧，使力，扭伤，过滤，压力，拉力，张力
    来自古法语 estreindre,绑紧，拽紧，来自拉丁语 stringere,绑紧，拉紧，压紧，来自 PIE*strenk, 紧的，窄的，词源同 strict,stress,stringent.拼写比较 rain 来自古英语 regnian.引申词义扭伤， 过滤，及相关词义压力，拉力，张力等。
  • strain动植物的品种，品系，病菌的类型
    来自中古英语 streon,种族， 品系， 血统， 来自古英语 streon,收获， 财富， 繁殖， 来自 Proto-Germanic*streuna,堆积，收获，来自 PIE*stere,展开，伸展，词源同 strew,stratum,structure. 后用于指动植物的品种，品系，以及病菌的类型，种类等。