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scratch

/skrætʃ/ /skrætʃ/
  • v.
    (用指甲)挠,轻抓;(用指甲或利器)抓破,划破;划出,刮出(痕迹);(用爪子)抓,刨;(鸟、哺乳动物,尤指鸡)用嘴(或爪子)扒地找食物;寻觅(难找的人或物)(scratch for);艰难生活(scratch along);勾掉,划去(写下的字);<非正式> 仓促写下;(用尖利物)刮擦出声音;<非正式> 取消,撤销(想法或计划);<非正式>(使)退出比赛;(用刮擦技法)播放唱片
  • n.
    (某人皮肤上的)划痕,划伤;刮痕,划痕;抓,挠;刮擦声 ;唱片的嚓嚓声(指唱片纹道与唱针的摩擦噪声);刮擦(多用于快板乐中,用手制止唱片转动,使其来回移动发出有节奏的嚓嚓声的技巧);(高尔夫)零让步(表明选手不弱,能在场上达到规定击球的次数);<非正式> 钱
  • adj.
    (球队或一群人等)仓促拼凑的,匆匆组成的;(高尔夫球员)无让杆的,无让步优待的;碰巧的;打草稿用的
复数scratches
第三人称单数scratches
现在分词scratching
过去式scratched
过去分词scratched
高中CET4CET6考研IELTSTOEFL

词语例句

  1. (用指甲)挠,轻抓vt.&vi.

    • John yawned and scratched his chin.

      约翰打个哈欠,挠挠下巴。

    • She scratched at the insect bites on her arm.

      她挠了挠胳膊上虫咬的包。

    • If you've ever started a sentence with, "If I were you..." or found yourself scratching your head at a colleague's agony over a decision when the answer is crystal-clear, there's a scientific reason behind it.

      如果你曾经用“如果我是你的话……”作为一个句子的开头,或者发现自己在为同事因一个决定感到痛苦而挠头,而答案其实清晰明了,这背后有其科学依据。

  2. (用指甲或利器)抓破,划破vt.&vi.

    • I'd scratched my leg and it was bleeding.

      我把腿抓出了血。

    • Does the cat scratch?

      这只猫抓人吗?

    • The models couldn't sit in them, and they even got scratched from the plastics under their arms.

      模特们不能坐在里面,他们甚至还被胳膊下的塑料划伤了。

  3. 划出,刮出(痕迹)vt.

    • They scratched lines in the dirt to mark out a pitch.

      他们在地上划出一个球场。

  4. (用爪子)抓,刨vi.

    • Her dog was scratching at the floor when she came in.

      当她进来时,她的狗在抓地板。

  1. Does the cat scratch?
    这只猫抓人吗?
    来自《牛津词典》
  2. Scratch my back – I've got an itch.
    给我挠挠背–我痒痒。
    来自《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
  3. His work simply isn't up to scratch.
    他的工作根本达不到要求。
    来自《牛津词典》

相关短语

  • scratch race
    捕捉赛
  • start from scratch
    从零开始;从头做起;白手起家;从头开始
  • Scratch card
    刮刮卡;刮奖卡;刮卡
  • from scratch
    从头开始;从零开始;从头做起
  • starting from scratch
    白手起家;从零开始;自力更生;自食其力

词语扩展

n.
擦伤;抓痕;刮擦声;乱写
adj.
打草稿用的;凑合的;碰巧的
vt.
抓;刮;挖出;乱涂
vi.
抓;搔;发刮擦声;勉强糊口;退出比赛
adj.
scratchy潦草的;刺痒的;草率的;发刮擦声的
n.
scratcher抓扒者;抓扒工具

词义分布

22.1%
划痕
17.5%
划伤
17.5%
14.9%
擦伤
5.6%
5.6%
抓伤
5.3%
刮痕
4%
刮伤
4%
3.6%

英英释义

  • n.an abraded area where the skin is torn or worn off
  • n.a depression scratched or carved into a surface
  • n.informal terms for money
  • n.dry mash for poultry
  • n.a harsh noise made by scraping
  • n.poor handwriting
  1. v.
    to rub your fingernails against the skin on a part of your body
    • He scratched his head thoughtfully.
      他若有所思地挠了挠头。
    • My arms are very itchy and I can't stop scratching.
      我胳膊特别痒,我不停地挠。
  2. v.
    to make small cuts on someone's skin or on the surface of something
    划伤
    • The branches scratched my face.
      树枝划伤了我的脸。
  3. n.
    a small cut made by a sharp object
    划伤;划痕
    • He had scratches on his face and neck.
      他的脸部和颈部有划伤。

词源

  • scratch抓,挠
    可能来自中古英语 scratten,抓,挠,最终来自 PIE*sker,砍,切,削,刮,词源同 scar,scrape.